In general, a player should aim to achieve the following goals in the
opening:
1. the quick development (mobilization) of his pieces;
2. the transfer of his pieces towards the center;
and
3. the safety of his King. Only thus can a player hope to win.
The experience of the best chessplayers in the world over many
centuries has shown that it is wise to adhere to the following principles
during the opening stages of a chess game:
1. Always keep in mind the relative strength of each piece. Since the
Queen is the strongest one, don't bring it out hastily, or else your opponent
will attack it with his Knights, Bishops, or pawns, thereby forcing your
Queen to retreat and furthering his development at your expense.
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2. Don't make passive waiting moves such as a2-a3, a7-a6, h2-h3 or h7-
h6. Each move should either develop a piece or increase the piece's
mobility by opening up files, ranks, or diagonals for them.
3. Try to set up a strong pawn center (e.g. pawns on e4 and d4).
4. Don't waste time by moving one and the same piece repeatedly, at the
expense of developing the other pieces.
5. Bring out your Kingside Knight and Bishop, thereby getting ready to
transfer your King to a safe place by castling on the Kingside, a move
which at the same time develops the King's Rook. After castling, develop
your Queenside pieces.
6. Don't attack prematurely. First develop your pieces and castle.
from:
Volume I
The Rules of Play:
12 Lessons For The Beginning Chessplayer
Level One
of
The Comprehensive Program of Chess Training
by Roman Pelts
and GM Lev Alburt, three-time U.S. Champion
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